1945 - 1963 : Heliopolis Expedition
1963 - 1989 : First steps
The real military SG teams won't appear before the late 60s at the height of the space program (first man in space, first man on the moon).
There will be the usual competition between the Americans and the Russians between 1969 and 1989 though they would agree on certain things :
- diplomatic solution above "shooting each other" : to alien civilization they must look united even when they have different goals.
- Earth location is a secret. always fall back to your respective alpha site. if you can't, go to the other one's. They probably deserve to be attacked as mush as you do.
- No one goes to Abydos! Not even for sightseeing. Everyone told us that it's dangerous because there's a guy with glowing eyes there and he is really NOT kind with strangers.
(It's the hardest part of the story : I have to find Russian names for the SG teams...)
Around the 90s, Jackson and O'Neill will enlist into the SG program and be sent to Abydos. They will learn about the Goa'ulds, about Ra and the addresses carven inside his temple. With some Russian help they could bring him or another of his minion down.
1995 : Carter finally makes the modification to the US dialing program to reach other planets. Soon after, the Russians find Hathor and spend some time avoiding her taking control of their base. She is currently being held in the highest security prison deep into Siberia. With female wardens only. Russian female wardens...
2001 : Apophis appears in our lives. He got 6 more years after the death of Ra to organize his army and build more than the original 2 Ha'taks. Russia and US are blaming each other for that until the UN steps in and decide the creation of the IOA to monitor both programs.
2010 : Ships based on the technology scavenged from Ra's ship and shared by other races are finally being put into service. The USS Prometheus line is more like a carrier having multiple 302s fighters while the [insert Russian Name here] is rather a gunship with an insane amount of weapons.
Truth be told, it was a wonder they could even take off. Other countries have already expressed their concern about their efficiency in real battle, something that the human from Earth never experienced.